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Types of Anxiety Disorders Anxiety disorders can be diagnosed when fear or anxiety is chronic, persistent, and interfere with daily life. Psychotherapy or talk therapy and medications are effective treatments. First, visit your doctor to rule out any physical conditions that could be causing your symptoms. Then, a psychiatrist or another mental health specialist can diagnose the kind of anxiety disorder you are suffering from. Generalized anxiety disorder Everyone is anxious at times and there are a variety of good reasons to be worried about things like work responsibility and financial obligations, as well as health. However, if the worries become constant and overtake your life, you could be suffering from a more serious anxiety disorder called generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). GAD is defined by feelings of dread and anxiety that can affect a person's entire life. They tend to assume the worst and believe that minor issues can escalate into major disasters. GAD can be a problem for anyone, and it usually starts in adolescence or childhood however it can happen at any time. It is twice as prevalent in women and those assigned female at birth as in males. GAD can trigger physical symptoms, such as stomachaches and headaches, as well as make it difficult to sleep. It can also hinder social and work-related activities, causing people to isolate themselves from family or friends and cause the loss of self-esteem. People who suffer from chronic, severe GAD are at a higher chance of developing depression. However, treatment can help manage both disorders. The specific cause of anxiety disorders is unclear, they appear to be linked to genetics and changes in brain structure that affect the way your body reacts to stress. Some experts believe that a lack of neurotransmitters in the brain plays a role too. GAD is not curable, but it can be controlled by psychotherapy (talk-therapy) and medications. Talk therapy or psychotherapy includes several therapies that help you recognize and modify negative thoughts, emotions and behavior. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is a form of talk therapy that will help you to understand and control your thoughts and patterns of thinking that are distorted and lessen your anxiety by confronting them. Certain physical symptoms like heart palpitations or dizziness could be cured by taking medications. They include antidepressants, benzodiazepines as well as certain medications used to treat seizures, such as hydroxyzine. GAD isn't easy to identify, but it is important to get help if you are experiencing anxiety or other signs of the disorder. It is simpler to treat it if you seek help early, before the anxiety and physical symptoms begin to take over your life. Panic disorder This type of anxiety disorder is defined by repeated, intense terror and fear that peak within minutes (panic attacks). People with this disorder may also experience chest discomfort, breathlessness or feeling like their heart is beating or it is fluttering (“heart palpitations”). They often worry that their symptoms are signs of an attack on their heart. People with panic disorder are at risk for developing other anxiety disorders and could be at a higher risk of depression or other health problems, such as hyperthyroidism or asthma. The root cause of anxiety disorders isn't fully understood however, researchers believe they arise from a mix of factors. Some research suggests they may be related to faulty brain circuits that control emotion and fear. Other studies suggest that life experiences, genetics such as childhood abuse or traumatic events are common causes of anxiety disorders. A large majority of people suffering from an anxiety disorder have a parent who suffers from the condition. People suffering from anxiety disorders can be anxious constantly, even when they know that their fears are not rational. This can cause difficulties in social situations, at work or in school. Some people with anxiety disorders also have difficulty sleeping or eating well. They may also experience tension in their muscles, irritability and trouble concentrating. A person with generalized anxious disorder may be worried about a myriad of daily tasks such as work responsibilities and family problems. They're also likely to feel tired or irritable as well as having trouble concentrating. They often worry about the safety of themselves and others. The good news is that there are effective treatments for anxiety disorders. The treatments include medications psychotherapy, psychotherapy, and other complementary health methods. A mental health professional can assist you in identifying the condition that is causing your symptoms and recommend the best treatment. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, can help you learn how to cope with your worries and reduce the amount of panic attacks you experience. There are a variety of psychotherapy, including cognitive behavior therapy and exposure reaction preventative. These therapies can be performed in groups or individually. Social anxiety disorder Social anxiety disorder is a severe condition that can interfere with everyday life. It causes extreme anxiety, anxiety and avoidance of social situations. It usually starts in childhood, but can also manifest in the early years of adulthood. It often shows up as anxiety over specific social situations, such as talking in class or going on dates, or it may be more generalized and include avoiding any situation that might cause being considered unpopular by others. The person suffering from SAD might realize that their anxiety is unfounded however, they feel powerless. They attempt to manage the symptoms by avoiding situations that trigger anxiety, but this makes them more anxious. They might also develop “safety behavior” to reduce their anxiety. For instance drinking alcohol, avoid talking to others or avoid eye contact. In addition to the psychological treatments, some sufferers suffering from SAD benefit from medication. These medications, known as antidepressants, can aid in balancing the levels of some neurotransmitters in the brain. Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). It is essential that you or someone you love receives treatment when they suffer from social anxiety. Untreated, the condition can be debilitating and cause other mental health issues like depression or addiction to substances. If you or someone you know has suicidal thoughts, dial 911 or your local crisis line, or text TALK to 741741 and talk with an experienced crisis counselor. Anxiety disorders are highly treatable, but only about 1 out of four people who require treatment receive it. The main barriers to treatment are the lack of awareness that anxiety disorders are real, a lack of investment in mental health services, and stigma. It is also essential to make sure that your doctor is aware of the different kinds of anxiety disorders to ensure that you will be properly diagnosed and treated. Request your doctor to refer you to a mental health professional if you are unsure whether you suffer from anxiety disorders or use an online screening tool. Specific Phobias A person who has a specific fear has a constant and a heightened fear of one or more of the following: objects, situations animals, or other people. These fears are usually not proportional to the risk that the object or event poses, but they can cause anxiety and disrupt the daily activities of. Specific phobias are different from other anxiety disorders because they cause anxiety around a single stimulus, instead of multiple stimuli. The feared situation or object can be anything, from dogs to heights or flying, injections to flying and crowded spaces. This condition occurs worldwide most often in men than women, and tends to start in adolescence or childhood. People who suffer from specific phobias are aware that their fears are unfounded, but this knowledge does not lessen the severity of their symptoms. Children who have specific fears typically overcome them. However when the fear persists in adulthood it may be difficult to treat. Doctors diagnose the disorder by looking at symptoms and how they affect the way they function in their daily lives. Before determining a phobia, doctors exclude other conditions that have similar symptoms, such as agoraphobia or social anxiety disorder. In past DSM editions, patients of adult age needed to recognize their irrational fear as a part of the diagnosis. However, the 2013 edition says this is no longer necessary for adults. Treatment options for certain phobias include cognitive behavior therapy and exposure-based therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses primarily on teaching people better coping mechanisms and changing their reactions to fear. Exposure-based therapy involves gradual and systematic exposure to the subject or event that you are afraid of. The patient might begin by imagining the object, or situation. They can then proceed to look at pictures of it, stepping into an elevator, holding an object, visiting a zoo and looking at real snakes, before riding a crowded lift. This type of therapy may not be able to eliminate a fear, but it could reduce the intensity. Other treatment options for specific fears include medications like antidepressants, anti-anxiety psychotherapy, as well as other medications. These treatments are frequently proven to be effective by people with specific phobias.